This paper demonstrates that strategic equity holdings by employees and family or by corporations discourage investment in environmental, social and governance (ESG) activities as measured by ASSET4 performance scores. Conversely, debt or government equity finance is positively associated with...

This paper examines listing location as a managerial decision by using a sample of IPOs of Chinese entrepreneurial firms in mainland China, the United States and Hong Kong. We find that Chinese entrepreneurial firms managed by CEOs with international experience are more likely to undertake...