In the public sector, budget deviations are an important performance dimension. Because of political and institutional pressures, it is crucial that public sector organizations neither overspend, nor underspend. Budget deviations actualize the issue of tight budget control. In this article we...

Virements are useful instruments of budget flexibility. If carried out transparently and within accepted limits, virements can promote expenditure efficiency. Large, unregulated virements can undermine budget credibility and the budget's relevance as principal policy and financial planning...

This policy brief discusses how the 2021-2027 Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) and NextGenerationEU contribute to the EU's priorities, including the green transition, digitalisation, and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its substantial impact on the ground, the MFF has...

The medium-term budget projection for 2025 to 2029 indicates a persistently high need for fiscal consolidation in Austria's public finances. If the consolidation measures announced by mid-April remain unchanged, the general government deficit would remain close to 4 percent of GDP throughout the...

This Public Expenditure Review (PER) presents a critical view of Guinea-Bissau's nascent democratic structure, one that does not ensure a clear separation of powers, which results in the need for the judiciary to exercise its lacking independence. Restoring budgetary discipline requires a series...

The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act was enacted 40 years ago. It was not designed to address the core fiscal challenge of today's economy, which is the rapid rise in spending for federal entitlement programs. Moreover, the current budget process does not provide for the...

Finance Minister AHM Mustafa Kamal, along with the Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, proposed the national budget for fiscal year 2019-2020 in the Jatiya Sangsad on June 13, 2019. The proposed budget, amounting to Tk 5,231.90 billion, is the largest-ever in the history of Bangladesh. This budget...