Problem definition: Fulfillment flexibility, the ability of distribution centers (DCs) to fulfill demand originating from other DCs, can help e-retailers reduce lost sales and improve service quality. As the cost of full flexibility is prohibitive, we seek to understand the value of partially...

Problem definition: We introduce and formalize a concept termed as conditional leadtime flexibility (CLF), which refers to the industry practice where a manufacturer requests its upstream suppliers to dynamically adjust the leadtimes. We consider an assemble-to-order (ATO) manufacturer's...