Several studies have found that the cross-section of stock returns reflects a risk premium for bearing downside risk …; however, existing measures of downside risk have poor power for predicting returns. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel … measure of downside risk, the ES-implied beta, to improve the prediction of the cross-section of asset returns. The ES …

We examine the pricing of tail risk in international stock markets. We find that the tail risk of different countries … mainly driven by global tail risk rather than local tail risk. World fear is also priced in the crosssection of stock returns …