L'histoire de la suburbanisation de la population et de l'emploi, principalement aux Etats-Unis, permet d'identifier trois caractéristiques du phénomène. 1/ La suburbanisation se traduit par un étalement urbain tel que population et emploi s'accroissent plus en périphérie qu'au centre. 2/...

The ?dense city? is a well accepted concept. ?Rurbanization?, on the contrary, is often criticized despite the fact that a vast majority of people prefer to live in an individual home, close to nature, outside the cities. This paper deals with the causes and consequences of rurbanization and...

In response to the Covid 19 health crisis, the French government has imposed various measures, referred to as social-distancing measures, including a lockdown with the primary objective of reducing face-to-face interactions between people in order to limit the spread of the virus. This paper...

In response to the Covid 19 health crisis, the French government has imposed various measures, referred to as social-distancing measures, including a lockdown with the primary objective of reducing face-to-face interactions between people in order to limit the spread of the virus. This paper...

History of population and employment suburbanization, mainly in the United States, suggests three characteristics of the phenomenon. 1/ Suburbanization results in urban sprawl in such a way that population and employment increase more rapidly in the periphery than in the center. 2/...

Academic research in retail logistics frequently emphasizes the importance of the logistics customer service for large retailers wishing to develop a sustainable competitive advantage. This research paper questions the validity of this reasoning, implying an evolution toward an indispensable...