The proliferation of reforms in public administration based on the principles and instruments of the “New Public Management” (NPM) have triggered protest from and collective action by many professional groups in various sectors (healthcare, education, justice, social work, research…) and...

Why do social scientists give less and less attention to policies and policy-making as a specific domain for inquiry while they use empirical contexts of policies and policy-making as empirical data sources and tests of broader theories about society and politics? The paper relies on the...

L'article met en relief la passivité des cadres dirigeants du ministère de l'Équipement face à la décentralisation de 1981-2 et leurs raisons. Il détaille les cadres cognitifs dominants dans les services extérieurs. Il resitue les transferts de compétence et les adaptations dans une...

The text assesses the role, the institutionnalization and the uses of national policies in France since 1992 by the governemental authorities. It studies the function of knowledge as a part of policy-making and political processes

In the French language, the word comptabiliteacute (accounting) first appeared in the middle of the eighteenth century. It was used in the Royal finances and its first meaning was that of accountability. Until the middle of the nineteenth century, or thereabouts, the uses of the word evolved...

Following Colbert's Ordonnance of 1673, most of whose provisions were reiterated in the Code de Commerce, 1807 and the Law of Bankruptcy, 1838, traders in France were under a legal obligation to keep accounts of their business activities. In the event of bankruptcy, traders were potentially...

While budgetary control is a potentially significant tool when the economic environment is unstable and unpredictable, the analysis of its development demonstrates that its use has dramatically expanded over the time since companies have been able to run forecasts. In order to help them develop...