Labor-force withdrawal programs such as government-subsidized early retirement programs are an important unemployment policy instrument in some European countries. Most economists, however, have expressed doubts concerning these programs' efficacy in combating unemployment, in part because they...

We propose to measure the effects of urban riots on the labour market prospects of workers residing in affected areas through the channel of labour market discrimination based on locality. We investigate the case of the French riots of 2007, which were very geographically concentrated. The town...