This paper explores Type 1 credit rationing by gender using data from the 1998 and 2003 Survey of Small Business Finances (SSBF). Type 1 credit rationing occurs when borrowers receive a smaller loan than they requested. We use two measures of Type 1 credit rationing to examine whether it is...

Previous studies found mixed answers whether women-owned firms are less successful than men-owned firms. Women entrepreneurs may lag behind men because they tend to have less human capital, they may have different personal preferences toward their businesses, and they tend to choose highly...

This paper explores Type 1 credit rationing by gender using data from Survey of Small Business Finances. Type 1 credit rationing occurs when borrowers receive a smaller loan than they requested. We use two measures of Type 1 credit rationing to examine whether it is related to gender...

Women business owners are more discouraged than men to apply for a bank loan because of fear of rejection. Using the three Surveys of Small Business Finances, this study examines the reasons for discouragement and previous loan experiences. The study estimates the probability of loan denial...

Rapid small business ownership growth rates among women have motivated research on issues related to gender and small business performance. The importance of credit access for the success of small businesses, as well as evidence that women have less access to credit than male business owners,...

In this paper, we use the Blinder-Oaxaca method for nonlinear models to decompose observed differences in credit rationing of small businesses between white- and minority-owned firms in the USA. We utilize a representative dataset of small businesses from the Survey of Small Business Finances...