Problem Definition: Most US nonprofits disclose three types of expenses: program spending to meet their beneficiaries' needs; fundraising spending to increase their future budget; and, administration spending to make their future budget more impactful. Charity watchdogs expect nonprofits to...

Online crowdfunding has emerged as a powerful tool to raise funds for emergency response. Crowdfunding campaigns can use two transparency tools to attract donors: updates and certification. Updates are additional messages that the organizer issues after launching the campaign and are a form of...

Problem definition: A staggering proportion of humanitarian donations are designated for a particular purpose, i.e., earmarked. While earmarking increases donors' willingness to donate, it hurts the operational performance of humanitarian organizations (HOs) because it limits their flexibility...

Problem definition: More than 25 million refugees lived in camps in 2019 due to multiple armed conflicts worldwide. Humanitarian organizations (HOs) help refugees through in-kind (e.g. food) assistance traditionally and, just recently, through cash (monetary assistance) that refugees can spend...