We experimentally study the effect of a third person enforcement on a one-shot prisoner’s dilemma game played by two persons, with whom the third person plays repeated prisoner’s dilemma games. We find that when the third person can observe these two persons’ play, the possibility of the...

We theoretically study the effect of a third person enforcement on a one-shot prisoner’s dilemma game played by two persons, with whom the third person plays repeated prisoner’s dilemma games. We find that the possibility of the third person’s future punishment causes them to cooperate in...

We experimentally investigated whether continuous-time cheap talk improves the effort level in a minimal effort game with multiple Pareto-ranked Nash equilibria. In each round of the game, a player freely changes the message before he or she makes decisions, and constantly monitors other...

We experimentally investigated whether feedback received by participants improves the effort level in a minimum effort game involving continuous-time cheap talk. Continuous-time cheap talk allows participants to freely change and constantly monitor other group members' messages. We used two...