How does informal economic activity respond to increased financial inclusion? Does it become more entrepreneurial? Does access to new financing options change the gender configuration of informal economic activity and, if so, in what ways and what directions? We take advantage of nationwide data...

We examine the patterns and correlates of the productivity gap between male-owned and female-owned firms for informal enterprises in India. Female-owned firms are on average 45 per cent less productive than male-owned firms, with the clearest productivity gaps observed at the lower end of the...

How does informal economic activity respond to increased financial inclusion? Does it become more entrepreneurial? Does access to new financing options change the gender configuration of informal economic activity and, if so, in what ways and what directions? We take advantage of nationwide data...

Theoretical perspectives and empirical literature -- MSMEs access to finance and policy initiatives -- Micro, small and medium enterprises in India: their characteristics and evolution over time -- Access to credit and small firm growth -- gender, small firm ownership and credit constraints --...

How does informal economic activity respond to increased financial inclusion? Does it become more entrepreneurial? Does access to new financing options change the gender configuration of informal economic activity and, if so, in what ways and what directions? We take advantage of nationwide data...

Theoretical perspectives and empirical literature -- Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) access to finance and policy initiatives -- Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India: their characteristics and evolution over time -- Access to credit and small firm growth -- Gender,...