Directive 2004/113/EC is part of EU anti-discrimination law and sets minimum rules for ensuring gender equality in access to and supply of goods and services. Its implementation across EU Member States is critically assessed in this study. It concludes that the notion of 'indirect...

The different forms of trafficking in human beings (THB) are serious crimes affecting fundamental rights, health, social life, economy and justice. THB can be tackled effectively only through a coherent approach at the levels of legislation and executive powers and through strategic...

With the rise of new technology and social media, gender-based cyber violence is a constantly growing threat with impacts at individual, social and economic levels, on women and girls and on society generally. There is currently no common definition or effective policy approach to combating...

This research paper analyses the implementation of Directive 2006/54/EC with a focus on job evaluation / classification. Applying research on gender stereotypes, it analyses 1) the current description of gender-neutral job evaluation / classification, 2) the application of gender-neutral job...

This research paper on the implementation of Directive 2006/54/EC provides an independent legal analysis of the main provisions of this Directive, taking into account relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the EU. The aim of this paper is also to identify gaps in its implementation at the...

The European Parliament is one of the key advocates of gender mainstreaming - including gender responsive budgeting (GRB) - in the European Union and its Member States. In addition, it has made significant efforts to implement gender mainstreaming in its own political, administrative and...