The impact of EMU on the transatlantic exchange rate stability raises the more general question of whether the exchange rate is a useful adjustment instrument or source of instability. We estimate a simple, three-country model for the United States, Germany and France, over the 1972-1995 period....

We investigate the impact of central bank intervention in the foreign exchange market on forecast heterogeneity. Market heterogeneity is based on a sample of forecasts made by a large number of commercial banks over two distinct periods for the DEM (or EUR) and the JPY against the USD. We show...