Survey-based consumer confidence indicators are mostly reported with adelay and are a result of time consuming and expensive consumer surveys.In this study, to measure the current consumer confidence in Germany, wedevelop an approach, in which we compute the consumer sentiment...

We examine the impact of performance groups on the estimation of the relative importance of firm, industry and other effects on corporate performance. Performance groups comprise firms from the same industry with a similar performance over a longer period of time. We present a statistical method...