This paper uses data from one of the most important European stock markets and shows that, in line with predictions from theoretical market microstructure, a small number of latent factors captures most of the variation in stock specific order books. We show that these order book commonalities...

This paper uses data from one of the most important European stock markets and shows that, in line with predictions from theoretical market microstructure, a small number of latent factors captures most of the variation in stock specific order books. We show that these order book commonalities...

Using a Markov switching model applied to the VIX and VDAX implied volatility indexes, we find that the volatility of the U.S. S&P100 index and German DAX index switched from a low-value state to a high-value state around the events of the Asian financial crisis. Moreover, the U.S. and German...