discriminatory practices affected fertility and sex-specific mortality during infancy and childhood during economic crises in an area … economic stress, fertility, and sex ratios at baptism: high-price years were followed by a decline in the number of registered … evidence shows that the female biological advantage was not visible after an economic shock. In addition, gender discriminatory …

unintended consequence may be increased within-household gender inequality. We analyse a tenancy registration programme in West … Bengal, and find that it increased child survival and reduced fertility. However, we also find that it intensified son … preference in families without a first-born son to inherit the land title. These families exhibit no reduction in fertility, an …

This paper presents novel causal evidence on the effects of pro-natalist cash transfers on fertility, sex ratio at … total fertility rate in 2015 would have been 4.7% lower without the cash transfers. Surprisingly, the cash transfers had an …