Compared with the general public, people in prison in the EU/EEA have a higher burden of communicable diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia and tuberculosis (TB). Increased disease prevalence in this population is...

A higher prevalence of communicable diseases among people in prison compared with the general public is recognised as a public health issue as well as a major concern for the people affected, as the majority of incarcerated people return to their communities. Active case finding is a key...

Injecting drugs is a key risk factor for contracting viral and other infections. Blood-borne infections acquired through the sharing of injecting equipment are among the most serious health harms of drug use. The drug-related infectious disease (DRID) indicator collects data on the extent of...

Outreach work among drug users in Europe is the culmination of a multi-country study commissioned by the EMCDDA in 1998 to assess the concepts, practice and terminology relating to outreach work among drug users in the EU Member States. Significant variations are observed in Europe in the...

The aim of the literature review presented in this report was to provide evidence to inform the recommendations made by ECDC and the EMCDDA in the 2011 'Guidance on the prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs'. The evidence presented here focuses on the...

Since the emergence of the HIV epidemic among people who inject drugs in the mid-1980s, many European countries have achieved substantial progress in implementing evidence-based measures to prevent and control infectious diseases among this group. In the 1990s, EU countries started to develop...

This report presents the results of two literature reviews. The aim of the reviews was to provide evidence to inform the recommendations made by ECDC and the EMCDDA in the 2011 publication 'Guidance on the prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs'. The evidence...

This publication is the result of a two-year project to publish European standards in drug prevention, co-funded by the European Commission (EC) (60 %) and the respective project partner organisations (40 %). The standards were developed by the Prevention Standards Partnership, a...

This evidence-based guidance is designed to inform the development, monitoring and evaluation of national strategies and programmes in countries in Europe in order to reduce and prevent infections among people who inject drugs. The guidance identifies seven key interventions which, in...

Since the emergence of the HIV epidemic among people who inject drugs in the mid-1980s, many European countries have achieved substantial progress in implementing evidence-based measures to prevent and control infectious diseases among this group. In the 1990s, EU countries started to develop...