International trade has evolved into a complex network of global value chains (GVCs) that take advantage of the low cost and high scope of international maritime transportation (MT). Given the interconnectivity of GVCs, regional economic crises propagate rapidly. This paper uses complex network...

The 2015 Paris Climate Agreement was the first instance of countries adhering to take a collective action against global warming. More than 190 countries came forward and submitted their contributions in the form of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, reflective of their ability and...