At first glance, Fresenius' emergence as the global leader in renal care is a classic consolidation story: price pressure on products, a changing regulatory environment, and the advent of truly global competition. Under these conditions, there are first mover advantages to building scale and...

New actors and instruments have increased the complexity of the international development-finance architecture Efficient aid delivery confronts challenges: multilateral duplication, mission creep and loss of leverage. Specific measures of multilaterals’ contributions to the MDGs could promote...

In last-mile routing, the task of finding a route is often framed as a Traveling Salesman Problem to minimize travel time and associated cost. However, solutions stemming from this approach do not match the realized paths as drivers deviate due to navigational considerations and preferences. To...