One of the selling points behind larger preferential trade agreements (PTAs) is the potential to encourage the spread of global value chains (GVCs). These supply chains are increasingly critical to the globalized economy. Large GVC operators may include up to 15,000 firms in their networks...

This chapter reviews the several ways that bilateral and regional trade agreements regulate environmental and labour standards and human rights. It divides these into provisions granting the parties rights to adopt protective measures in the form of exceptions and conflicts provisions and...

Against the backdrop of the concomitant food, financial and economic, and climatic crises, African countries continue to negotiate the challenging Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) with the European Union (EU). While these new agreements have the potential to help African countries...