This paper studies institutional investors' incentives to be engaged shareholders. We measure incentives as the increase in an institution's cash flow (management fees) when a stockholding increases 1% in value, considering both the direct effect on assets under management and the indirect...

Representation on pension fund boards by state officials — often determined by statute decades past — is negatively related to the performance of private equity investments made by the pension fund, despite state officials' relatively strong financial education and experience. Their...

We argue two alternative routes that lead entrepreneurial start-ups to acquisition outcomes instead of liquidation. On one hand, acquisitions can come about through the control route with external financers such as venture capitalists (VCs). VCs take control through their board seats along with...

Influenced by their compensation plans, CEOs make their own luck through decisions that affect future firm risk. After adopting a relative performance evaluation (RPE) plan, total and idiosyncratic risk are higher, and the correlation between firm and industry performance is lower. The opposite...

Volatility in financial markets is a highly explored area of research for the last few decades. Possible reasons for high concentration on the markets are its unexplained and unexplored sources. The present study aims to check certain macroeconomic variables as determinants of financial markets...