The use of the gravity model to evaluate the effect of policies in a cross-country framework is largely predominant in the international economics empirical literature. This literature usually implements importer and exporter fixed effects to account for the theoretical Multilateral Trade...

Over the time a large number of reciprocal preferential trade agreements (RTAs) have been concluded among countries. Recently many studies have used gravity equations in order to estimate the effect of RTAs on trade flows between partners. These studies report very different estimates, since...

Introduction -- EU Preferential Trading Arrangements: Evolution, Content and Use -- EU Preferential Margins: Measurement and Aggregation Issues -- The Gravity Model in International Trade -- Trade Impact of EU Preferential Policies: a Meta-analysis of the Literature -- Trade Impact of EU...