This report evaluates the substitution options of nine critical raw materials (CRM) (Eu, Tb, Y, In, Ga, Ge, Nd, Pr and Dy) required in lighting, wind turbines and electric vehicles applications. Substitution has been considered from many perspectives from reducing the use of CRM via improved...

The ambitious EU policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in combination with a significant adoption of low-carbon energy and transport technologies will lead to strong growth in the demand for certain raw materials. This report addresses the EU resilience in view of supply of the key materials...

This report evaluates the substitution options of nine critical raw materials (CRM) (Eu, Tb, Y, In, Ga, Ge, Nd, Pr and Dy) required in lighting, wind turbines and electric vehicles applications. Substitution has been considered from many perspectives from reducing the use of CRM via improved...

The report presents the methodologies that JRC/SETIS applies for the evaluation of selected key performance indicators measuring progress in research and innovation in Europe, and provides the necessary theoretical background to underpin the SETIS contributions to the State of the Energy Union...

Carbon sequestration is a distinct technological option to control carbon emissions, complementing other measures such as improvements in energy efficiency and utilization of renewable energy sources. Carbon sequestration is most applicable to large combustion plants and specifically to thermal...

In order to tackle climate change, to increase energy supply security and to foster the sustainability and competitiveness of the European economy, the EU has made the transition to a low-carbon economy a central policy priority. This report builds on the first study conducted by the JRC in 2011...

The utilisation of CO2 as technological fluid or as feedstock in chemical processes and in biotechnological applications has the potential to be a very efficient tool when merged with development of innovative and feasible technologies that have lessintensive energy and materials consumption and...

The utilisation of CO2 as technological fluid or as feedstock in chemical processes and in biotechnological applications has the potential to be a very efficient tool when merged with development of innovative and feasible technologies that have lessintensive energy and materials consumption and...

The large-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in Europe will require the development of new infrastructure to transport - using pipelines and ships - the captured CO2 from its sources (e.g. power plants) to the appropriate CO2 storage sites. This report describes the potential...

The acceleration of development and the demonstration of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies are among the key objectives of the Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan) of the European Union, which aims at enabling the rapid transition to a low-carbon economy. A critical element...