In the United Kingdom, movements in confidence have been closely related to annual real consumption growth over the past 30 years. But both these series have common determinants. This article shows that the standard economic determinants of consumption such as income, wealth and interest rates...

Understanding the role of money in the economy has always been an important issue for policymakers. And the pickup in broad money growth and decline in credit spreads over the past three years together with more recent financial market turbulence has made it a particularly pertinent issue....

The path of labour supply is a key consideration for the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC). It helps to determine the overall supply capacity of the economy and therefore the amount of output that can be produced without generating excess inflationary pressure. Labour supply appears to have grown...