Intentional misrepresentation (IM) or fraudulent misrepresentation in this paper is defined as a type of behaviour whereby one contracting party (representor) intentionally presents untrue information to another party (representee), inducing the latter to contract with him. This behaviour is...

The contribution aims to evaluate some problematic issues addressed by the UK Supreme Court decisions on penalty clauses, taking into account discussions among Italian scholars and rulings of Italian jurisprudence. The focus is put on the issue of whether the rule against penalties should be...