Following Basu (1997), the excess of the sensitivity of accounting earnings to negative share return over its sensitivity to positive share return (the Basu coefficient) has been interpreted as an indicator of conditional accounting conservatism. Although this interpretation is supported by...

From 2005, IAS 39: Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement required UK banks to support loan-loss provisioning with objective evidence that losses had been incurred, and thereby eliminated general loan-loss provisioning. It has been argued that the IAS 39 incurred-loss method of...