Accounting for variation in the quality of care is a major challenge for the assessment of hospital cost performance … and ii) explore how far judgement about hospital cost performance changes when health outcomes are accounted for. We use …

spending is distributed across the population. This paper uses administrative National Health Service (NHS) hospital records to … examine key features of public hospital spending in England. We describe how costs vary across the lifecycle, and the … after age 70. Spending is highly concentrated in a small section of the population: with 32% of all hospital spending …

emergency cases that do not all require hospital care. Many countries have responded by introducing alternative facilities that … area of a hospital reduces hospital outpatient procedures and admissions and that this is associated with improved hospital … cases going to hospital but rather from hospital resources being re-focused. In a significant departure from related …