In this paper we examine determinants of prepaid modes of health care financing in a worldwide cross-country perspective. We use three different indicators to capture the role of prepaid modes in health care financing: (i) the share of total prepaid financing as percent of total current health...

Out-of-pocket health expenditures (OOPHE) are a substantial source of health care financing even in health care systems with an established role of prepaid financing. The empirical analysis of OOPHE is challenging, because they are fixed in an interaction with other sources of health care...

Introduction: Out-of-pocket spending is an important source of healthcare financing even in countries with established prepaid financing of healthcare. However, out-of-pocket payments (OOPP) may have undesirable effects from an equity perspective. In this study, we analyse the distributive...