Although research extensive universities in the United States produce similar outcomes – research, teaching, and service – they vary substantially in terms of the publicness of their environments. In this paper, we adopt the public values framework (Moulton 2009) to examine how regulative,...

Faculty at research universities are evaluated on a number of productivity measures including their ability to conduct research, teach, and engage in service. Research outcomes include publishing research results and acquiring grants and contracts to conduct additional research. While it is...

The implementation of the Bayh-Dole Patent and Trademark Amendments Act of 1980 aided the ease with which universities could patent innovations supported by federal funding.However, environmental and societal factors are often overlooked when accounting for this ease and increase in obtaining...