This paper tests generalizations across four countries of an industrial marketing model applied to foreign exchange services which banks sell to large corporations. The process by which customers elicit bids from the marketplace, evaluate suppliers, and award business is used in a two-step...

The outcome of trade policies to increase access for foreign firms to the home country's market is shown to be sensitive to the implementation procedure used. The importance of the timing of moves between governement and firms is highlighted by focusing on taxes and subsidies to implement...

The outcome of trade policies to increase access for foreign firms to the home country's market is shown to be sensitive to the implementation procedure used. The importance of the timing of moves between government and firms is highlighted by focusing on subsidies to implement minimum market...

Much empirical international trade reserach requires a careful analysis of bilateral trade patterns. In this paper we examine a commonly used technique called the gravity equation. Though the use of the gravity equation on aggregate data is well-grounded in monopolistic competition trade theory,...

In recent years, there has been a rise in the popularity of preferential trading arrangements (PTA), and an equally precipitous rise in the number of papers studying the effects of regionalism. In this paper we assess the effect of preferential trading arrangements on the aggregate and bilateral...