Proximity augments homeless students' educational outcomes. Homeless K-8 graders whose families are placed in shelters … near their schools have 8 percent (2.4 days) better attendance, are a third (18 percentage points) less likely to change … schools, and exhibit higher rates of proficiency and retention. Homeless high schoolers have 5 percent (2.5 days) better …

live taking into account that locations determine access to schools—admissions probabilities and commuting distances to … schools. Households are heterogeneous both in observed and unobserved characteristics. We estimate the model using … explains 30% of the gap in test scores of schools attended by minority students versus their peers. If households’ residential …