group across grades and the composition of teachers in the school assigned to each group is substantially stable over time …

language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using … more foreign language classes during compulsory school has only minor effects on educational choices of the overall student … pronounced for students who do not speak at home the school's language of instruction. Finally, we find that female students who …

for all its citizens. The purpose of this report is to provide an assessment of the national school grants program … educational attainment through the provision of school grants to all primary and junior secondary schools. The report draws … provides a brief overview of school funding in Indonesia before setting out the channels through which the BOS program was …

language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using … more foreign language classes during compulsory school has only minor effects on educational choices of the overall student … pronounced for students who do not speak at home the school's language of instruction. Finally, we find that female students who …

differences over time in the warning index to estimate the effects of the pandemic on dropout, promotion, and school switching …

up to age 5 and one targeting the school environment for first and second grade students. The first intervention supports …'s readiness for school. Among children of mothers without high school education, being in a treatment community positively affects … the school readiness literacy domains and overall score by 0.19 and 0.2 standard deviation, respectively, for girls and …