This report traces the impacts of USDA’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefit outlays on the rural and urban economies during the post-recession years 2009–14. The macroeconomic stimulus effects of the expenditures of SNAP benefit outlays generated larger economic impacts...

In this paper, we: 1. Provide a conceptual discussion of the “portfolio” of mechanisms used by farms and households to adjust to price, income and wealth shocks. Farms adjust their production activities and employment to maximize profits given changes in relative prices and factor returns....

Achieving greater energy security by reducing dependence on foreign petroleum is a goal of U.S. energy policy. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) calls for a Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS-2), which mandates that the United States increase the volume of biofuel that is blended...