This paper examines whether euro area unconventional monetary policies have affected the loss-absorbing buffers (that is the resilience) of the banking industry. We employ various measures to capture the effect of the broad array of programmes used by the ECB to implement balance sheet policies,...

The paper examines the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the initial exponential growth of the infected population and the final exponential decay of the infected population. We employ a Bayesian dynamic model to test whether there is learning, a random walk pattern, or another type...