This paper aims to examine how two recent external shocks-the Covid-19 pandemic and 5G services-are transforming online shopping submarkets in Korea by estimating the effects of these two shocks on mobile shopping sales and conversion, which refers to substitution for shopping over fixed...

Over the past two decades China has achieved eye-catching development in the provision of telephone and Internet services in its vast rural areas. With the literature's lopsided focus on Western nations, a cohesive paradigm in mapping the Chinese style of universal service policy remains...

This paper aims to measure the impact of broadband speed access and upgrades on the household income based on a survey comprising 20,000 respondents in eight OECD and three BRIC countries in 2010 (Brazil, India and China). The study is novel, as most previous studies on broadband emphasize the...

Due to the development of new innovations and technologies, broadband services currently require more transmission capacity to work properly and efficiently with new content. Higher quality video content and more complex applications on internet services also require faster broadband speed....

This book contains an Open Access chapter The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted economies and society globally. In addressing the crisis, the Internet proved incredibly important in enabling many to shift physical work, education, and social activities online and facilitating the tracking of the...

A method is presented for impact evaluation of dams/sluices on their downstream aquatic ecosystems in the absence of detailed long-sequence ecology ecosystem data. It is based on the analysis of relations between indices of water quality and aquatic organisms. It can be applied to a river...