Two traditional options for reforming Ehegattensplitting, the joint taxation of married couples with full income splitting, are de facto income splitting (Realsplitting) or individual taxation with a transferable personal allowance. However, these proposals do not significantly reduce the...

The German Federal Government has expanded subsidies for employees with low gross wages (midijob employees) as of January 1, 2023, and raised the upper earnings limit to 2,000 euros. As a result, around 6.2 million midijob employees will benefit from paying reduced social security contributions...

The poor have a significantly shorter life expectancy than the wealthy. Using data from the Socio-Economic Panel, this Weekly Report shows that poorer people become in need of care earlier in life and more often. In addition, blue-collar workers have a higher risk of requiring care than civil...

Basic income benefits cover recipients' actual heating expenses as long as they are not unusually high. In contrast, their electricity expenses are only covered via a lump sum at the standard rate. Thus, basic income recipients have weaker incentives for reducing their heating expenses than for...

Im Mai 2014 prognostizierte OECD-Generalsekretär Gurría: "Deutschland bekommt ein Problem mit Altersarmut". Die Sorge um wachsende Altersarmut hat in Deutschland längst die Politik erreicht. Bereits im Frühjahr 2008 warnten die beiden ostdeutschen Minister aus Sachsen-Anhalt und...

Bei steigender Einkommensungleichheit und verringerten Steuervermeidungsmöglichkeiten ergeben die Standardmodelle der Optimalsteuerlehre höhere optimale Steuersätze auf hohe Einkommen. Ferner diskutiert die Forschung in der letzten Zeit verstärkt die negativen Wirkungen steigender...

Frauen haben im Durchschnitt nur die Hälfte des Einkommens der Männer. Damit bekommen sie nur ein Drittel des gesamten Einkommens. Dies ergibt eine Analyse der Einkommensverteilung nach Geschlechtern auf Grundlage der Lohn- und Einkommensteuerstatistik 2010, die das Einkommen der privaten...

Numerous studies analyze gender wage differences focusing on gross hourly wages. The analysis of differences in gross wages allows statements on productivity differences between men and women and to quantify the unexplainable wage gap which is often attributed to discrimination. While there is...

The gender wage gap is a persistent labor market phenomenon. Most research focuses on the determinants of these wage differences. We contribute to this literature by exploring a different research question: if wages of women are systematically lower than male wages, what are the distributional...

The gender wage gap is a persistent labor market phenomenon. Most research focuses on the determinants of these wage differences. We contribute to this literature by exploring a different research question: if wages of women are systematically lower than male wages, what are the distributional...