Interpretation of constitutional rights ought to be informed not only by the intentions of governments involved in drafting and adopting text but also by the expectations those whose rights are to be guaranteed. This is particularly true of the equality rights provision in section 15 of the...

This paper argues that political polarization plays a key role in shaping the economic expectations and consumption behavior of households. Using a combination of survey and consumption data of U.S. households, we document five facts. First, household beliefs are well-described by a single...

Predictable polarization is everywhere. We can often predict the different directions that people’s opinions—including our own—will shift over time. Empirical studies suggest that this is so whenever evidence is ambiguous, a fact that’s often thought to demonstrate human bias or...