We investigate the trading of benchmark ETFs, leveraged ETFs, and leveraged inverse ETFs that are matched based on their tracking index or sector. We find that ETF trading is very active and average daily trading volume for the most active ETF is more than $25 billion during the period of March...

We investigate the effect of leveraged ETF trading on the trading activity and market quality of their component stocks. The results show that both quoted and effective spreads of component stocks increase about 0.2 to 3.0 basis points after the inception of leveraged ETFs, while other liquidity...

The Savvy Investor's Guide to Pooled Investmentsoffers a practical guide to anyone interested in gaining a basic understanding of mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, and real estate investment trusts. It uses a Q&A format to examine what you want and...