This article explores the legal and economic implications of the hierarchical protection for GIs under TRIPS. Through a rigorous analysis of the negotiating history of the TRIPS provisions on GIs, including the submissions made by various countries during the Uruguay Round (UR), the article...

India's negotiating position on services has undergone a paradigm shift since the Uruguay Round. From being a leading opponent of the GATS in the early stages, India has now emerged as one of the champions of services trade liberalisation under the GATS. This more recent negotiating stance of...

Over the recent past, Geographical Indications (GIs) have emerged as a significant intellectual property rights issue in the Indian context. Since 15 September 2003, when the Indian GI Act came into force, more than hundred Indian products have been registered as GIs. However, there are several...

The WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPSA) was negotiated with a view to set in place an array of multilateral rules that would, on the one hand, recognize the legitimate right of WTO Members to adopt SPS measures necessary to protect human, animal or...

The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPSA) was negotiated with a view to setting in place an array of multilateral rules that would, on the one hand, recognize the legitimate right of WTO Members to adopt sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures necessary to...