This paper is an inquiry into the failure of the Philippines to utilise its rich endowment of metallic minerals in pursuing industrialisation tracing it to the absence of a clear and coherent industrial vision and programme, policy inconsistencies, weak political will and poor government-private...

The Philippines was rated in the early 1960s by the World Bank as second only to Japan in Asia's industrialization race. In the 1970s-1990s, the Philippines pursued export-oriented industrialization (EOI). However, the Philippines’ industrial drive failed to take off and we trace this failure...

Lowering of the wages of Filipino skilled and unskilled workers between 1970-80. From import substitution to export orientation in industrialisation strategy. Contradictions in the export-oriented industrialisation. Debt servicing difficulties of the country. Rights of workers (especially the...