Huge amounts of money will soon be spent by governments and private entities to develop technology to reduce the costs of climate change mitigation and adaptation, and to deploy new energy and transportation infrastructures. Incredibly, we still lack any good idea of the best means of providing...

This review article examines the development of state capacity -- the extractive and productive power of states -- in European history. To explain the historical evolution of state capacity, I focus on the role of political innovations. I relate state capacity improvements to long-run economic...

Understanding the origins of formal and informal institutions of cooperation and regulation and their long-lasting impact on market exchange and technological investment is one of the most pressing questions in law, economics and history. Accordingly, despite the different angles considered by...

Purpose: emerging economies lead advanced economies in world investment but lag advanced economies in innovation. We purpose to understand the paradox.Approach: we set up an equilibrium model of an economy with features that can give rise to generally acceptable characteristics of advanced and...