The importance of promoting innovation has been elevated up to a status of official standard since the Lisbon European Summit in 2000. Here research and development (R&D) was singled out as an essential element of the foundation on which innovation could be built. R&D has been a growing area of...

Most countries adopt policies in order to attract foreign multinationals, stimulate industrial clustering and to foster innovation. This book links these topical issues. It examines the activities of multinational enterprises, their contribution to cluster development, how they stimulate...

After a period of convergence where many perceived the country as a success case, Portugal’s economic performance proved to be disappointing in the last decade. In this study we focus on the relationship between technology and economic catching-up in order to answer to two major questions: (i)...