We summarize the major findings of empirical studies that examine the effect of banking development on innovation and highlight their relative contributions to our understanding of the various roles the banking sector plays in determining innovation. We reassess the effect of banking development...

We assess whether restrictions on insider trading accelerate or slow technological innovation. Based on over 75,000 industry-country-year observations across 94 economies from 1976 to 2006, we find that enforcing insider-trading laws spurs innovation — as measured by patent intensity, scope,...

This paper assesses whether legal systems that protect outside investors from corporate insiders increase or decrease the rate of technological innovation. Based on over 75,000 industry-country-year observations across 94 economies from 1976 to 2006, we find that enforcing insider trading laws...

We examine the impact of competition laws on innovation. We create a unique firm-level dataset on patenting activities that includes over 1.2 million firm-year observations, across 66 countries, from 1991 through 2015. Using a new, comprehensive dataset on competition laws, we find that more...