Since 1950, Congress has limited the scope of the activities in which a nonprofit entity could participate, in part due to a controversy over a pasta company donated to the NYU School of Law by a couple of wealthy alumni. The pasta profits helped the school refurbish and expand, but competing...

Private innovative activities receive public innovation support from different political levels. Few studies have empirically evaluated the influence of political systems on the reception of public innovation support and no other studies have evaluated innovation support across Europe with CIS...

Previous work suggests that research and development (R&D) tax credits increase R&D expenditure. We exploit the staggered adoption of state-level R&D tax credits in the United States to examine their effect on innovation itself. In particular, we consider ten commonly-studied patent...

We model how R&D enters the innovation system in four ways (intramural, extramural, cooperative, and spillover). Despite measuring three different spillovers together, for a very large sample of European enterprises we conclude that the productivity effects of spillovers were at best smaller...

Private innovative activities receive public innovation support from different political levels. Few studies have empirically evaluated the influence of political systems on the reception of public innovation support and no other studies have evaluated innovation support across Europe with CIS...

China has gradually established pilot free trade zones and implemented certain specific policies for its enterprises to deepen the economic system reform and expand the degree of market opening to the outside world. The establishment of a Free Trade Area exerts spillover effects and positive...

In this study, we examine how the national intellectual property (IP) model cities awarded by the National Intellectual Property Administration affect firm innovation activities in China. The difference-in-difference regression with a matched sample indicates that the recognition of IP model...