Web surveys have become increasingly central to innovation research but often suffer from low response rates. Based on a cost-benefits framework and the explicit consideration of heterogeneity across respondents, we consider the effects of key contact design features such as personalization,...

We examine whether startups attract employees with different pecuniary and non-pecuniary motives than small or large established firms. We then explore whether such differences in employee motives lead to differences in innovative performance across firm types. Using data on over 10,000 U.S. R&D...

Economists studying innovation and technological change have made significant progress towards understanding firms’ profit incentives as drivers of innovation. However, innovative performance in firms should also depend heavily on the pecuniary and nonpecuniary motives of the individuals...

Drawing on research in economics and social psychology and using survey data from over 10,000 scientists and engineers (SESTAT 2003), I examine the relationships between individuals' pecuniary and nonpecuniary motives and incentives, innovative effort, and innovative performance in firms. I find...

We examine whether startups attract employees with different pecuniary and non-pecuniary motives than small or large established firms. We then explore whether such differences in employee motives lead to differences in innovative performance across firm types. Using data on over 10,000 U.S. R&D...