As the paradigm of innovation becomes more user oriented and collaborative, to benefit from this changing paradigm, firms need to adjust their intellectual property rights management strategy and devise tools to manage openness. Crucially, firms need to resolve is how to interface the “closed...

Firms buy, sell, and glean from innovation. In other words, firms variously engage in commercialization of intangible innovation. Intangible innovations are primarily protected by intellectual property rights. Firms may only be able to leverage their intellectual assets solely through these...