and two alternative network architectures (a ‘strong ties network' and a ‘dual network') impact the innovative capability … of the lead firm in an alliance network. I answer these intrinsically cross-level research questions by examining how … network. Finally, I show that the ability to integrate a large periphery of heterogeneous weak ties and a core of strong ties …

the interplay between knowledge diffusion and network formation can give rise to a cyclical pattern in the collaboration … large R&D collaboration network over the years 1985 to 2011. We then study the efficient network structure, compare it to … the decentralized equilibrium structures generated, and design an optimal network policy to maximize welfare in the …