The current Chinese development model is nearing its limits. The World Bank has cautioned that China could find itself in a “middle-income trap”. China recognizes that it must dramatically increase its capacity for innovation to avoid this trap. This chapter provides an introduction to the...

This chapter discusses the phenomenon of online marketplaces for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) talent and highlights its effect on knowledge creation and innovation through on-demand contract employment and problem solving of scientific challenges by online communities of...