Are all covenants equally effective at reducing the bondholder-shareholder conflict? Examining the most frequently used bond covenants, we document that four out of 24 restrictions are associated with significantly higher bankruptcy risk. The use of these Default Indicating covenants can be...

Riskier firms use more covenants, yet effective covenants should reduce the probability of bankruptcy by restricting management's actions. We disentangle these two relations between covenant use and bankruptcy risk by considering predicted and actual covenant use. We find that predicted covenant...

Riskier firms use more covenants, yet effective covenants should reduce the probability of bankruptcy by restricting management's actions. We disentangle these two relations between covenant use and bankruptcy risk by considering predicted and actual covenant use. We find that predicted covenant...

A growing number of jurisdictions have adopted bankruptcy law reforms to aid debt restructuring. By utilizing a difference-in-differences model based on bankruptcy law reforms across six economically advanced jurisdictions, we discover that firms adopt more diversified debt instruments following...

A growing number of jurisdictions have adopted bankruptcy law reforms to aid debt restructuring. By utilizing a difference-in-differences model based on bankruptcy law reforms across six economically advanced jurisdictions, we discover that firms adopt more diversified debt instruments following...

A growing number of jurisdictions have adopted bankruptcy law reforms in the spirit of U.S. Chapter 11 to facilitate the restructuring of distressed corporate debt. This paper evaluates the impact of these reforms on firms' choice of debt structures. Using a difference-in-differences design...