We adopt and develop an institutional perspective to advance our understanding of how host country environments influence subsidiary staffing strategies. We propose and find that firms rely more on parent company nationals (expatriates) in institutionally distant environments for reasons related...

Cross-national variation in institutional environments adds uncertainty to foreign operations, which in turn affects international strategy decisions such as when to enter a market, the entry mode used if entering, as well as the performance of foreign entries. Although all firms are exposed to...